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Every oriented graph has a vertex whose second out-neighborhood is at least as large as its first.

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Statement

Every finite oriented graph (a digraph with no 2-cycles) contains a vertex $v$ with $|N^{++}(v)| \ge |N^{+}(v)|$.

Assessment

Renown 4/5

A well-known conjecture of Seymour; proved for tournaments (Fisher 1996); the minimum out-degree 7 case was settled only in June 2026, the first threshold progress in two decades.

Attackability 3/5

Cheapest oracle on this board (two boolean matrix products), enabling enormous search volume; Guo-Kang-Zwaneveld (Apr 2026) supply seed structures (Seymour-tight orientations) and locate any counterexample near regular tournaments. Structured search reached 90% of vertices violating but the last few resist strongly.

finite witness
5/5
oracle cost
5/5
freshness
2/5
seedability
4/5

Claims

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